Sample Meaning
sample Moved (e.g. fronted) text
«sample» Direct quotation
... 1  Participant 1: mother-in-law
... 2  Participant 2: father
... A  Participant A: piece of papaya
—— Zero anaphora

Constituent chart: "Inga Text"

from Longacre, Robert E. and Stephen H. Levinsohn. 1978. Field analysis of discourse. In Current Trends in Textlinguistics, ed. by Wolfgang U. Dressler, 103-22. Berlin: de Gruyter. Used by permission. [With modifications based on Dooley and Levinsohn (2001) and personal communication with Levinsohn, 2003]

  Pre-nuclear elements Independent Clauses Post-nuclear elements
    S (O) P  
1a
Chihora
that-time
chi suégraca 1 
that mother-in-law  
—— 2  [Postposed Goal]
ñugpagrinsi,
went-ahead-of
huacaspa,
weeping
 b        
chilacuán piti A  pambascama.
wild-papaya piece   to-where-had-buried
2a
Chayagrí­spaca,
going-and-arriving
—— 1  —— 2 
ninsi:
said
 
 b   « —— 3 
Caypimi
here
pambarayá »
is-buried  
 
3a
Chasa ní­spaca,
thus saying
—— 1 
carumalla
to-just-far
sipirigrí­s
going-and-strangling-self
 
 b      
miticú.
fled
 
4
Chihora
that-time
chi taytaca 2 
that father  
chi pozótasi
that grave
utcú.
dug
 
5
Alpa sitaspa,
earth removing
—— 2 
chilacuán pití­llasi A 
wild-papaya just-piece  
tarí­.
found
 
6a   —— 2 
« Ajay » -si
  oh-no  
ní­.
said
 
 b
« Cayhórami
  now
  —— 2 
yachahuanga. »
it-will-be-known-to-me  
 
7
Chasa ní­spaca,
thus saying
—— 2 
rastrótasi
footprint
catichí­
followed
 
8
Riscata 1  catichí­spaca,
to-one-who-had-gone   following
—— 2  [in Pre-nuc]
tarigrinsi.
went-and-found
 
9
Timpo
already
sipirí­scasi 1 
one-who-had-strangled-self  
 
huarcurayá
was-suspended